Brief Introduction: One Belt And One Roadis short for silk road economic belt and 21st century maritime silk road. It will fully rely on the existing bilateral and multilateral mechanisms and effective regional cooperation platforms between China and relevant countries .One Belt And One Roadaims to be with the aid of the historical symbols of the ancient silk road, hold highly the banner of peaceful development, actively develop economic partnership with countries along the route, and jointly build a community of interests, Shared future and responsibilities with political mutual trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness.

PresidentXi jinpingattended the second One Belt And One Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing on April 27, 2019.

The Background of Starting the One Belt & One Road

The background from ancient time

The Silk Road was an overland trade and cultural exchange channel connecting the eastern and western civilizations created by the ancient Chinese in the Han Dynasty, starting from Chang 'an (Xi'an now) and Luoyang. It was also a strategy for the economic integration of the Eurasian continent.

During the Western Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian (about 164 B.C. - 114 B.C.) set out from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi province) to contact the Dayuezi and jointly attack the Xiongnu(Huns). By accident he opened up the Silk Road for the first time, which was known as a trip beyond example.

After conquering the Seleucid empire in Syria and the Ptolemies in Egypt, the Romans obtained the Chinese silk from the Silk Road through the Rest of the Guitian Empire and the Axum Empire. In the late Western Han Dynasty(around 20 A.D.), the Silk Road was cut off for a time

In the Eastern Han Dynasty(25 A.D.-220 A.D.),Ban Chaoset out from Luoyang and went on another diplomatic mission to the Western Regions. He reached the Western regions and his entourage reached  Rome. This was the first dialogue between Eastern and Western civilizations. Also in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Indian monks arrived in Luoyang along the Silk Road, introducing Buddhism to China and extending the Silk Road from another side.

In the Tang Dynasty(618-907A.dD.), Xuanzang, a native monk of Luoyang, had been traveling to India for 19 years along the Silk Road to seek scriptures, which facilitated the exchanges between Chinese civilization and Indian civilization. He wrote the famous Buddhism book which was name the Journey to the Western Regions in Tang Dynasty.

The Silk road began in China, which was an commercial trade route to connect Asia, Africa and Europe. In terms of means of transport, it was divided into the overland Silk Road and the maritime Silk Road . The Silk Road was a major road for economic, political and cultural exchanges between the East and the West. Its original function was to transport goods such as silk, porcelain produced in ancient China. 

Richthofen,Germangeographer, firstly named it the Silk Road  in the 1870s.

The background from modern time

The whole world now is undergoing complex and profound changes. The profound impact of the international financial crisis continues to be felt. The world economy is recovering slowly and developing in different directions. The international investment and trade pattern and multilateral investment and trade rules are undergoing profound adjustments, and all countries still face serious development problems. In keeping with the trend of multi-polarization, economic globalization, cultural diversity, social informatization, and in the spirit of open regional cooperation, the One Belt And One Road initiative is committed to upholding the global free trade system and an open world economy. The One Belt And One Road initiative also aims to promote orderly and free flow of economic factors, efficient allocation of resources and in-depth integration of markets, promote economic policy coordination among countries along the belt and road route, carry out regional cooperation at a higher level and at a deeper level, and jointly build an open, inclusive,balanced and mutually beneficial regional economic cooperation architecture. The Belt and Road initiative serves the fundamental interests of the international community, demonstrates the common ideals and aspirations of human society,actively explores new models of international cooperation and global governance, and adds new positive energy to the peace and development of the world.

The putting forward of the Idea

On the morning of September 7, 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at Nazarbayev University in Kazakhstan, proposing to jointly build the Silk Road Economic Belt.

The map of the Belt and Road

One Belt, referring to the Silk Road Economic Belt, is on the land.It has three directions, starting from China. One is to reach Europe through Central Asia and Russia.The second is through central Asia to the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea;The third is from China to Southeast Asia and South Asia,the Indian Ocean.One Road,referring to the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, is with two priorities. One is from China's coastal ports through the South China Sea to the Indian Ocean and to Europe. The other is from China's coastal ports through the South China Sea to the South Pacific.

All previous meetings

The First:

       

On May 14, 2017, the First One Belt And One Road Forum for International Cooperation was held in Beijing. President Xi jinping attended the opening ceremony of the forum and presided over the leaders' roundtable summit.

The heads of State and Government of 28 Countries attended the Forum.

The summit is the highest level of the One Belt And One Road Forum in more than three years. It is an important diplomatic event hosted by China in 2017 and of great significance to promoting international and regional cooperation.

The Second:

        

The second One Belt And One Road Forum for International Cooperation was held in Beijing on April 25, 2019.

President Xi jinping attended the forum and delivered a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Forum and presided over the Leaders' Roundtable summit. After the summit, President Xi Jinping introduced the outcomes of the Summit to the Chinese and foreign media.

The heads of state government leaders from 37 countries attended the summit of the round table. According to the English alphabetical order,they areAustria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Brunei ,Cambodia,Chile ,Cyprus ,Czech Republic, Djibouti ,Egypt ,EthiopiaGreece, Hungary ,Kenya ,kyrgyzstan ,Laos, Malaysia, Indonesia, Italy,kazakhstan ,Mongolia, Mozambique ,Nepal, Burma, Pakistan ,Papua ,New Guinea,Philippines, Tajikistan, Switzerland, Russia, Portugal, Serbia, Singapore ,Thailand,the United Arab Emirates ,Uzbekistan, Vietnam.At the same time,The Secretary-General of the United Nations and the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund also attended  the meeting.Together with China, 40 leaders gathered at the bank of Yanqi Lake at the foot of Yanshan Mountain. In addition, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain,Japan, South Korea and the European Union also sent the senior representatives entrusted by their leaders to attend the meeting.

The New Route of Silk Road

1, Northern Route A: North America (USA, Canada) --NorthPacific-- Japan, South Korea –Sea of Japan-- Zarubino Port (Vladivostok,Slavyanka, etc.) –Hunchun-- Yanji --Jilin --Changchun --Mongolia --Russia --Europe(Northern Europe, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, southernEurope)

Northern Route B: Beijing—Russia--Germany --Northern Europe

2, Middle Route: Beijing--Xi'an—Urumqi—Afghanistan—Kazakhstan—Hungary-- Paris

3, Southern Route:Quanzhou—Fuzhou—Guangzhou—Haikou—Beihai—Hanoi-- Kuala Lumpur—Jakarta—Kolkata—Nairobi—Athens--Venice

4, Center line: Lianyungang—Zhengzhou-- Xi 'an –Lanzhou--Xinjiang --Central Asia-- Europe

Suggested Tours:

7 Days Terrific Silk Road Tour                8 Days Charming Silk Road Tour 

 9 Days Hexi Corridor Tour                     10 Days Essence Tour of the Silk Road   

10 Days Charming Silk Road Tour          11 Days Classic Silk Road Tour

12 Days Silk Road Adventure Tour         15 Days Silk Road Challenging Tour